Brief analysis of the basic structure of the testing machine

Brief analysis of the basic structure of the testing machine

The 　　 testing machine is a mechanical afterburner testing machine used for static load, tensile, compression, bending, shear, tear, peeling and other mechanical properties of various materials. It is suitable for plastic plates, Various physical and mechanical performance tests of pipes, profiles, plastic films, rubber, wires and cables, steel, glass fiber and other materials are developed for material development, and are indispensable testing equipment for physical testing, teaching research, quality control, etc. The general composition structure of the testing machine: 　　1, the host 　　The host is mainly composed of a base, a workbench, a column, a lead screw, a moving beam and an upper beam. The upper part of the movable beam is provided with a lower jaw, the lower part is provided with an upper pressure plate, and the lower part of the upper beam is provided with an upper jaw. The workbench and the upper beam are connected by two uprights to form a rigid frame.　　 The worktable is connected with the piston and moves up and down together with the piston. The moving beam is connected to the lead screw through a drive nut, and moves up and down with the rotation of the lead screw. The drive mechanism of the lead screw is composed of a drive motor, a sprocket, and a chain. The drive motor drives the two lead screws to rotate synchronously through a chain drive.　　The high-pressure oil pump supplies oil to the cylinder to raise the piston, which drives the worktable to move upwards, so as to carry out the tensile, shear and compression tests of the sample. Tensile and shear tests are carried out between the moving beam and the upper beam, and the compression test is carried out between the workbench and the moving beam.　　2, oil delivery valve 　　 oil delivery valve is a shunt type flow regulating valve, which is composed of a variable throttle and a fixed differential pressure reducing valve in parallel.　　3, oil return buffer valve 　　 oil return buffer valve consists of an unloading switch and a return throttle valve, its purpose is to unload the load and make the oil pressure of the working cylinder drop rapidly. 4. Principle of hydraulic system The oil in the oil tank is sucked into the oil pump and sent to the oil delivery valve through the oil pump outlet pipe. When the oil delivery valve is completely closed, the oil pressure rises until the fixed differential pressure reducing valve is opened, and the pressure oil passes through the solenoid valve. Enter the clamping cylinder to control the clamping and loosening of the upper and lower jaws. When the oil delivery valve is opened, the pressure oil is sent into the working oil cylinder, and the piston in the oil cylinder can be raised. When the load of the working cylinder suddenly disappears (open the oil return valve or the sample breaks), the working cylinder is immediately unloaded.　　5, force measurement system　　All control calculations and status settings are completed by computer software. The software integrates the compression test of cement, mortar, brick, concrete, etc., as well as the test of concrete flexure, and is a five-in-one software. It can record force-time, loading speed-time, deformation-time, force-deformation, displacement-time, force-displacement test curves in real time. However, you can switch and observe at any time, zoom in and out at will, real-time high-speed sampling; automatically judge the broken shape, automatically record and save test data and test curves; test data adopts database management mode, which can view database records in real time; automatically calculate elastic modulus at the end of the test , Yield strength, etc.

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